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<meta property="og:description" content="1. According to the von Neumann architecture, List basic parts of a computer. 控制器、运算器、存储器、输入设备、输出设备。
2. A computer has 64 MB (megabytes) of memory. How many bits are needed to address any single byte in memory? 64 MB = 226,
226/22 = 224，
so it needs 24 bits.
3. List basic parts of a CPU, include cache or not? 运算逻辑部件、寄存器部件、控制部件。
有缓存。
4. What mean secondary storage. List some on your PC. 辅助储存器是指除计算机内存及CPU缓存以外的储存器，此类储存器一般断电后仍然能保存数据。" />
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<meta itemprop="description" content="1. According to the von Neumann architecture, List basic parts of a computer. 控制器、运算器、存储器、输入设备、输出设备。
2. A computer has 64 MB (megabytes) of memory. How many bits are needed to address any single byte in memory? 64 MB = 226,
226/22 = 224，
so it needs 24 bits.
3. List basic parts of a CPU, include cache or not? 运算逻辑部件、寄存器部件、控制部件。
有缓存。
4. What mean secondary storage. List some on your PC. 辅助储存器是指除计算机内存及CPU缓存以外的储存器，此类储存器一般断电后仍然能保存数据。">
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<meta name="twitter:description" content="1. According to the von Neumann architecture, List basic parts of a computer. 控制器、运算器、存储器、输入设备、输出设备。
2. A computer has 64 MB (megabytes) of memory. How many bits are needed to address any single byte in memory? 64 MB = 226,
226/22 = 224，
so it needs 24 bits.
3. List basic parts of a CPU, include cache or not? 运算逻辑部件、寄存器部件、控制部件。
有缓存。
4. What mean secondary storage. List some on your PC. 辅助储存器是指除计算机内存及CPU缓存以外的储存器，此类储存器一般断电后仍然能保存数据。"/>

	
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      <h1 class="f1 athelas mt3 mb1">第六周作业</h1>
      
      
      <time class="f6 mv4 dib tracked" datetime="2020-10-09T12:33:11+08:00">October 9, 2020</time>

      
      
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    <div class="nested-copy-line-height lh-copy serif f4 nested-links nested-img mid-gray pr4-l w-two-thirds-l"><h2 id="1-according-to-the-von-neumann-architecture-list-basic-parts-of-a-computer">1. According to the von Neumann architecture, List basic parts of a computer.</h2>
<p>控制器、运算器、存储器、输入设备、输出设备。</p>
<h2 id="2-a-computer-has-64-mb-megabytes-of-memory-how-many-bits-are-needed-to-address-any-single-byte-in-memory">2. A computer has 64 MB (megabytes) of memory. How many bits are needed to address any single byte in memory?</h2>
<p>64 MB = 2<sup>26</sup>,</p>
<p>2<sup>26</sup>/2<sup>2</sup> = 2<sup>24</sup>，</p>
<p>so it needs 24 bits.</p>
<h2 id="3-list-basic-parts-of-a-cpu-include-cache-or-not">3. List basic parts of a CPU, include cache or not?</h2>
<p>运算逻辑部件、寄存器部件、控制部件。</p>
<p>有缓存。</p>
<h2 id="4-what-mean-secondary-storage-list-some-on-your-pc">4. What mean secondary storage. List some on your PC.</h2>
<p>辅助储存器是指除计算机内存及CPU缓存以外的储存器，此类储存器一般断电后仍然能保存数据。</p>
<p>我电脑上的辅助存储器：硬盘、U盘。</p>
<h2 id="5-使用维基百科解释以下概念">5. 使用维基百科，解释以下概念：</h2>
<h3 id="-cpuhttpsenwikipediaorgwikicentral_processing_unit">Ⅰ. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_processing_unit">CPU</a></h3>
<p>A <strong>central processing unit (CPU)</strong>, also called a central processor, main processor or just processor, is the electronic circuitry within a computer that executes instructions that make up a computer program. The CPU performs basic arithmetic, logic, controlling, and input/output (I/O) operations specified by the instructions in the program. The computer industry used the term &ldquo;central processing unit&rdquo; as early as 1955. Traditionally, the term &ldquo;CPU&rdquo; refers to a processor, more specifically to its processing unit and control unit (CU), distinguishing these core elements of a computer from external components such as main memory and I/O circuitry.</p>
<h3 id="-ramhttpsenwikipediaorgwikirandom-access_memory">Ⅱ. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Random-access_memory">RAM</a></h3>
<p><strong>Random-access memory (RAM)</strong> is a form of computer memory that can be read and changed in any order, typically used to store working data and machine code. A random-access memory device allows data items to be read or written in almost the same amount of time irrespective of the physical location of data inside the memory. In contrast, with other direct-access data storage media such as hard disks, CD-RWs, DVD-RWs and the older magnetic tapes and drum memory, the time required to read and write data items varies significantly depending on their physical locations on the recording medium, due to mechanical limitations such as media rotation speeds and arm movement.</p>
<h3 id="-romhttpsenwikipediaorgwikiread-only_memory">Ⅲ. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Read-only_memory">ROM</a></h3>
<p><strong>Read-only memory (ROM)</strong> is a type of non-volatile memory used in computers and other electronic devices. Data stored in ROM cannot be electronically modified after the manufacture of the memory device. Read-only memory is useful for storing software that is rarely changed during the life of the system, also known as firmware. Software applications (like video games) for programmable devices can be distributed as plug-in cartridges containing read-only memory.</p>
<h3 id="-bus-computinghttpsenwikipediaorgwikibus_computing">Ⅳ. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bus_(computing)">Bus (computing)</a></h3>
<p>In computer architecture, <strong>a bus (a contraction of the Latin omnibus[citation needed], and historically also called data highway)</strong> is a communication system that transfers data between components inside a computer, or between computers. This expression covers all related hardware components (wire, optical fiber, etc.) and software, including communication protocols.</p>
<h3 id="-parallel-computinghttpsenwikipediaorgwikiparallel_computing">Ⅴ. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parallel_computing">Parallel Computing</a></h3>
<p><strong>Parallel computing</strong> is a type of computation where many calculations or the execution of processes are carried out simultaneously. Large problems can often be divided into smaller ones, which can then be solved at the same time. There are several different forms of parallel computing: bit-level, instruction-level, data, and task parallelism.</p>
<h2 id="6-写一段文字简单解释云计算cloud-computing">6. 写一段文字，简单解释“云计算”（cloud computing）</h2>
<p>云计算（cloud computing），也被意译为网络计算，是一种基于互联网的计算方式，通过这种方式，共享的软硬件资源和信息可以按需求提供给计算机各种终端和其他设备，使用服务商提供的电脑基建作计算和资源。</p>
<h2 id="7-小孙买了计算机主板说明书表明支持双通道ddr3-1333内存最大支持16g-br-1ddr3内存3和1333的含义是什么-br-2小孙买8g-ddr3-1600的内存能提高性能吗-br-3小孙买4g2-ddr3-1333的内存能提高性能吗-br-416g需要多少位地址-br">7. 小孙买了计算机主板，说明书表明“支持双通道DDR3-1333内存，最大支持16G”： <br/> 1）DDR3内存，“3”和“1333”的含义是什么？ <br/> 2）小孙买8G DDR3-1600的内存能提高性能吗？ <br/> 3）小孙买4G*2 DDR3-1333的内存能提高性能吗？ <br/> 4）16G需要多少位地址？ <br/></h2>
<p>1） “3” 表示该存储器是第三代双倍速率同步动态随机存储器，是现在的主流内存规格。</p>
<p>“1333” 表示的是1333Mhz的内存分频。<br/></p>
<p>2） 不能提高性能。主板不支持，该内存条会被识别成8G DDR3-1333。</p>
<p>3） 能提高性能。其能通过提高存取速度来提升计算机的性能。</p>
<p>4） 2<sup>30+4</sup>，故需要34位地址。</p>
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